Skip to main content

Countering Hybrid War 2019


"Unidentified troops have taken over several government buildings, an harbor and airports across Finland. Finnish army has alerted it’s available conscripts, mobilized the reserve local battalions and sent them to support police and border guard units engaging the hostile forces. The local authorities have began transitioning into a crisis mode."

That's how my March 11, 2017 article "Countering the Hybrid War - The Finnish Way" begun.

Police and Army during a local defense exercise


It has now been two years since that article. So has the Finnish approach of comprehensive security, combined with conscript based military, evolved during the past two years?

From the military perspective the framework laid before has remained the same. The proposed changes in the legislation have mostly been passed and they include:
- Comprehensive intelligence laws that cover both military and civilian intelligence
- Laws regarding the use of force against unmarked military formations
- Laws that allow the military to use force to protect equipment and personnel in peace time
- Laws that allow countering drones
- Law limiting dual-citizens access to sensitive military positions
- Reform of the voluntary military training
- Law limiting the land purhcases by non ETA-citizens near sensitive sites

Readiness units have been formed in the army brigades since 2017 and their concept has been refined. Getting the conscripts to join the new readiness units has been easy and the training curriculum has proved to be versatile enough to produce highly capable troops that can conduct combined arms operations in an hours notice.

All of the roughly company sized units have integral indirect fire components and air defense capabilities. The exact order of the battle for these units varies between the brigades and some units ride on CV9030 IFVs, while others have to make do with XA-185 series APCs. 

Some of the army’s older Leopard 2A4 tanks have been distributed to support the readiness units that do not have main battle tank units withing their respective brigades. Those brigades that are designed to train armored battle groups have the latest Leopard 2A6 tanks at their disposal. 

The readiness units receive helicopter operations training and the infantry components can be transported to emerging hotspots with the NH-90 helicopters. The combination of high readiness and the ability to bring artillery and armor to fight within a moments notice is somewhat unmatched capability in Europe.

Comprehensive defense is all about co-operation. But being able to bring in the firepower to win the fight is still the backbone of the Finnish defense.

The second tool in the Finnish Defense forces toolbox against any hybrid operations are the local defense companies and battalions. These reserve formations are manned by highly motivated reservists, that train in their respective regions and specialize in protecting the vital infrastructure and logistics choke points. These units are naturally slower to mobilize than the conscripts living at the barracks, but they have most of their equipment at home and thus can deploy a lot faster than the rest of the reserves.

While the first two pieces of the hybrid counter puzzle are based on the reserve system, Finland does also have the professionals. The army and navy SOF, while also training conscripts, have fully professional units that are able to deploy very rapidly. These tier 1 units can stand proud in comparison with any special operations units in the world. Additionally the Utti Jaeger Regiment maintains a special forces reserve that, much like the local defense units, is capable of mobilizing rapidly. The Special Force Reserve was recently introduced to the public with this video:



Both the Police and the Border Guard are naturally at the forefront of countering any hostile operations on the Finnish soil. Both maintain highly trained special units, that are capable of fighting as SOF units in limited scenarios and as most of the police officers are military trained and equipped with HK (or MKE copies) Mp-5s and in the future CZ Scorpion EVO sub machine guns, they can provide valuable contributions in even the most demanding missions.

The key to success in any military operation is the co-operation between the different units and that is even more important when discussing countering any hybrid operations on your own soil. In the Finnish comprehensive security model, the co-operation happens at every level. The different ministry’s and corporations plan their responses to crisis scenarios in advance. The local municipalities, government offices and police departments plan together both how to identify hybrid operations that aren’t as overt as the little green men and how to prepare for even the worst possibilities ranging from an special operations attack to an all out war with heavy weaponry being used within the population centers.

The comprehensive security is an every day process that runs on all levels of the society. The plans and preparations are regularly rehearsed by the relevant authorities and in larger joint exercises. Many of the training exercises are invisible to the casual observer as they happen within the confines of the government offices and city halls.

Army, Police, Border Guard, harbor employees and local authorities having a briefing during the Kymi19 exercise.

The most visible part of the hybrid response training are the local defense exercises. They are held twice a year, with multiple regions exercising at the same time. The 2019 fall local defense exercises aka. PAPU:s were held in 8 out of the 19 regions of Finland. By now, all of the regions have participated in at least one of the exercises, with the notable exception of Åland as its demilitarized, based on antiquated treaties. Over 4100 people took part in the latest round of exercises. 

The main objectives of the local defense exercises are:
- Test and train the sharing of common situational awareness between different organizations
- Training to lead multi-agency operations.
- Training local defense units to secure the key objectives in their areas of operations
- Training to fight in the local area, especially countering hostile special forces and airborne/marine landings.

Here is a superb video by the  Finnish Defence Forces Combat Camera Team about the Kehä19 exercise that happened around the capital region. The Guard Jaegers train to fight from subway tunnels to rooftops.



Securing landing strips and ports to counter enemy troop movements and infiltration attempts are a high priority.

The combination of increased international co-operation, especially with Sweden, UK and USA give the Finnish defense the much needed high end capabilities. On the other hand the local defense exercises and comprehensive security frameworks provide a robust and resilient platform to which the other capabilities can be built.

The Finnish way is naturally in no way finalized and there is still much to improve. While the military response is rehearsed and effective, the political leadership and the processes needed for example to mobilize the reserves remain somewhat opaque, especially with the current administration whose foreign and defense policy stances are still unclear.

The whole society could tap more to the vast resource pool within the reserves. While the local defense units are a good start, the army could easily employ reservists in roles like technical assistance, data analytics, intelligence and in many other, non-combat roles.

Comments

  1. CRYPTO ACCOUNT TAKEOVER (ATO) FAKE INVESTMENT & OTHER TROUBLESHOOT . attacks are on the rise and they are costing individuals, businesses, and organizations significant financial and damage that are often difficult to recover quickly. When it comes to Binary Options, there are quite people who have been taken for a ride by a Brokers and at a result of this many have lost a large amount of money to Fake Binary Option Scammers

    Cybercriminals use stolen credentials such as usernames and passwords obtained by malware and social engineering to gain sensitive information, and they’re using that same data to access websites and banks/Bitcoin accounts wallet to transfer money, execute fraudulent transactions and bring people down to a Zero point financially.

    D-hackers is a multinational equipped Hackers come together as a team to track down & to recover whatever that has being stolen from you from the most difficult internet SCAMMERS. NOTE!! We've received countless heartbreaking reports of notorious cyber scammers and we’ve successful recover them back.

    contact us on
    1⃣Binary Recovery.
    2⃣Files Recovery
    3⃣School Graded & Exam Questions
    4⃣Password Bypass / Recovery
    5⃣Malware Removal / Erase Criminal Records
    6⃣Blank ATM Card
    7⃣Social Media Hack
    8⃣Remote Mobile Monitoring & Hacking
    9⃣Clear Bad Credit
    🔟Private Key Reset

    Relate whatever it is to City Center Of Binary Option Service & allow us give you positive result with our hacking skills. Visit our BLOG page D-hacker.banaryoptionsport.com
    Email 📩 binaryoptionservice01@gmail.com pointekhack@gmail.com cyberhackertap@gmail.com we Guarantee you up to %85
    REMEMBER YOUR HAPPINESS IS OUR PRIDE

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. CRYPTO ACCOUNT TAKEOVER (ATO) FAKE INVESTMENT & OTHER TROUBLESHOOT . attacks are on the rise and they are costing individuals, businesses, and organizations significant financial and damage that are often difficult to recover quickly. When it comes to Binary Options, there are quite people who have been taken for a ride by a Brokers and at a result of this many have lost a large amount of money to Fake Binary Option Scammers

      Cybercriminals use stolen credentials such as usernames and passwords obtained by malware and social engineering to gain sensitive information, and they’re using that same data to access websites and banks/Bitcoin accounts wallet to transfer money, execute fraudulent transactions and bring people down to a Zero point financially.

      D-hackers is a multinational equipped Hackers come together as a team to track down & to recover whatever that has being stolen from you from the most difficult internet SCAMMERS. NOTE!! We've received countless heartbreaking reports of notorious cyber scammers and we’ve successful recover them back.

      contact us on
      1⃣Binary Recovery.
      2⃣Files Recovery
      3⃣School Graded & Exam Questions
      4⃣Password Bypass / Recovery
      5⃣Malware Removal / Erase Criminal Records
      6⃣Blank ATM Card
      7⃣Social Media Hack
      8⃣Remote Mobile Monitoring & Hacking
      9⃣Clear Bad Credit
      🔟Private Key Reset

      Relate whatever it is to City Center Of Binary Option Service & allow us give you positive result with our hacking skills. Visit our BLOG page D-hacker.banaryoptionsport.com
      Email 📩 binaryoptionservice01@gmail.com pointekhack@gmail.com cyberhackertap@gmail.com we Guarantee you up to %85
      REMEMBER YOUR HAPPINESS IS OUR PRIDE

      Delete
  2. I was all in debt and was confused about what to do with my life until i found this great hacker on the internet with wonderful reviews in different blog about credit repairs and how good he is. So i contacted him and explained all my problems to him and i was surprised when he said he's ready to help me with the little money i have with me. He help me clear all the negative items and the Eviction on my credit report, late payment were marked as paid and increase my credit score to 795 excellent and i got approved for car loans, house loans and all. He also help me clear all my credit cards debts. He's real, honest and affordable. Kindly contact him with the following details and get your credit fixed fast.
    Email:WIZARDBRIXTON@GMAIL.COM

    ReplyDelete
  3. You can't find a better service for your hacking needs than TheHackerspro.com.
    I had to set up a private server to be able to work with them for my business, but it was well worth the investment! I was so happy with their work that I've been using them ever since. They are fast and have never failed me. Highly recommended! you can reach out directly to their darkhat specialist vladimir kolarov @h4ckerspro on telegram or call/text +16469488125

    ReplyDelete
  4. MORNING'S GOSSIP: On. How Do I Recover My Stolen Cryptocurrency?.
    Post From Elizabeth Miller. I can tell a lot of things could have gone wrong these past few days investing online and getting scammed. I was also in your shoes when I invested into a fake binary option where I got scammed of $11000 of BTC but thanks to the help of ULTIMATE HACKER JERRY . He assisted me in recovering my BTC. I initially didn’t trust Hacker but I was referred to by a friend who I trust well. I was able to get my refund within the space of two days. Thanks to (Ultimatehackerjerry@ seznam. cz) I must recommend Jerry He is great, Whatsap/Call ULTIMATE HACKER JERRY (+ 1 5 2  0 3 2 9 0  3 2   0) Or (+155  12  0 2 2 3 3  5) 

    ReplyDelete
  5. Hire Ultimate Hacker Jerry For All Hacking & BTC Recovery:
    Contact ULTIMATE HACKER JERRY for problems such as cryptocurrency recovery, Hacking emails, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, note changes, deleting criminal records, credit and debit refill, reloading insurance documents, lost or lost file recovery, background check of people and organizations Monitor your spouse's activities regarding the phone and social media, Contact ULTIMATEHACKER JERRY He is very very trustworthy.
    (Ultimatehackerjerry @ seznam. cz) 
    Watsap/ (+ 1 5 2  0 3 2 9 0  3 2   0)  OR (+ 1 55  12  0 2 2 3 3  5) Recommendation by MONICA

    ReplyDelete
  6. I write to bring to the knowledge of the public how a registered company help recover my stolen BTC. I was confused and frustrated. So, I tell my story to a colleague who introduces me to a Professional Hacker...No doubt, he helps to recover a reasonable sum of my investment"BTC". In appreciation for a job well done, I choose to share my testimony with the public. ROOTKITS SPAMMER is sure in recovering your stolen money/BTC...
    Kindly contact him via spammer(@)fastservice(.)com, You can also contact them through WhatsApp (+351920258835).

    ReplyDelete
  7. As a final resort, I contacted Wizard James Recovery after unintentionally locking $96,000 in bitcoins in my wallet, which I had long since forgotten the password for. Despite my best efforts, I was unable to think of any potential password variations. I'm thrilled that Wizard James was able to recover my password in less than 48 working hours. I was stunned when my password turned out to be very different from the suggestions I made. Wizard James Recovery is incredibly effective at finding your wallet and he is quick and reliable. You can reach this hacker group by using: WIZARDJAMESRECOVERY @ USA . COM or WhatsApp number: +44_7_41_8_36_7_2_04

    ReplyDelete
  8. Looking for a good hacker online can sometimes be very difficult. I became a victim of a cryptocurrency and romance scam that went on for several months. I was swindled a sum of $525,000 USD, everything I owned and this made me go into depression. As a lover of classic music, my life was what made me come across a friend of mine and we got along within a short period of time. I trusted her so well because she was really open minded with me and I had no reason to doubt that, until she introduced me to a crypto online investment which I can put in some low amount of money of about $2500 to a high level of $60,000. This actually gained me that profit. Since I trusted her, I invested a lot of money in it thinking that I will get my profit back within 2 working days like she claimed, right when I invested in it was when she went into thin air with my money. I thought all hope was lost until I came across an article about Wizard James Recovery and his great hacking services and how he can help me recover all that I lost. I reached out to him. I will always remain grateful for his trustworthy and experience in hacking, he took his time to deliver top-notch service. If you are looking to recover your cryptos or lost bitcoin, Wizard James is the answer to your problems. Email him today at: wizardjamesrecovery@ usa. com and WHATSAPP at: (+44) (7418) (367204)

    ReplyDelete
  9. Thanks to constant-evolving tech, it's never been easier to cheat. It’s also much easier to catch thieves and cheats. On Saturday morning of this month, my husband was looking through his emails and realised that the company we had jointly transferred our money, 778,950 USD to a fraudulent account. The company was still young and we had both invested almost all we had to have shares in the company in the hope that we’ll be getting something good from the company. Things were very tough for us as we lost our home about this same time. After so much attempt with the bank for refund all was abortive until my husband’s friend recommended wizardjamesrecovery@ usa. com . His hacking skills were top notch, he was able to recover over 70% of our lost money in just a month. If you are ever in this situation don’t lose hope, you still have a chance to contact him.

    ReplyDelete
  10. Numerous methods exist for losing bitcoin. It is like negotiating a labyrinth chock-full of unseen obstacles. It's possible to inadvertently erase your wallet, become a target of a cyberattack, or just plain forget your password (we've all been there). Wizard James Recovery is here to assist you in removing yourself from the mess because they are aware that anyone can experience similar mishaps. Finding missing bitcoin is not an easy task. The procedure might be difficult and time-consuming due to the digital nature of cryptocurrencies and the decentralized structure of blockchain technology. Furthermore, there are cunning hackers out there in the shadows, waiting to seize any chance. But worry not—Wizard James Recovery is capable of overcoming these obstacles because it is knowledgeable about the nuances of the bitcoin industry. WhatsApp: (+44) 7418 (367204), Email address: WIZARDJAMESRECOVERY(AT)USA(DOT)COM

    ReplyDelete
  11. When it comes to Binary Options, there are quite a few people who have been taken for a ride by Brokers and as a result of this many have lost a large amount of money to Fake Binary Option Scammers. I would recommend anyone to a hacker, Wizard James Recovery no questions asked when it comes to recovery. I contacted him at wizardjamesrecovery(at)usa(dot)com and he asked me for the necessary information which I did send to him and within a maximum of 72 hours he was able to give me all the breakdown of my funds which he recovered successfully. Am very grateful to him. He has taken the responsibility to help individuals recover funds that were falsely taken from them due to Scams such as: Binary Option Scam, Bitcoin Auction Scam and Hacking Scam. I strongly recommend him to anyone with related issues.

    ReplyDelete
  12. It is painful to invest and lose, binary options are more of a gamble if you ask me, especially when your broker decides to invest on your behalf. That's how I lost all my funds thanks to my broker who claimed to have invested on my behalf and lost a sum of 115,000 USD. This made me realize that people should really be careful out there especially when funds are involved, this is not to say recovery is not possible even though there are several frauds out there who claim they can recover your funds. This will only depend if you have done your research on the recovery agent that you would want to use to help you. After what happened to me, I wouldn’t like the same situation to happen to me, losing money. I did a thorough check on Wizard James after coming across numerous testimonies on him helping lots of people to recover their funds/BTC. It took me a whole week to decide if I would be doing the right thing by hiring him. I emailed on wizardjamesrecovery ((@)) usa (.) com and he responded. Asked him various questions and he really did impress me; he really knew his way on recovery. After providing all the necessary details, he did his incredible work and in 4 days time, my funds were recovered. Whether someone outside there feels like whatever I did to recover my funds rather than report it to the police was through unethical means, I wouldn’t care because as far as I am concerned, I don’t care because I was able to retrieve my hard-earned funds taken from me and that’s all, a big thank you to Wizard James Recovery.

    ReplyDelete
  13. Two months ago, I was a victim of a bitcoin scam, a con artist gained access to my cash app account and stole $467,700. I was really devastated. I tried on my own to see if I could get it back. I went online google to read articles on how I can recover my bitcoins back, but it did not go well. I went to YouTube to see if someone talked about how one can recover their finds but it did not go well as well. Within my research, I came across testimonials on Wizard James Recovery on how he helps a lot of people recover their bitcoins and how a lot of people have also referred him to others. I explained my situation to him and assured me he’ll help me get my Bitcoin back. I decided to give him a try and he definitely did a great job; all my money was recovered back into my wallet account in a few days. I’m writing this to inform anyone who has had similar issues to open a case with the JAMES at wizardjamesrecovery (@) usa (.) com or begin a chat with him on his WhatsApp No: +44 (7418) 367204, I luckily escaped what ought to have destroyed me financially, you too can escape it.

    ReplyDelete
  14. I initially invested a total of $1,050,000 over a period of 5 weeks with my broker. My bonus/profit was $8,300,000, every attempt to make withdrawal failed and I was instructed to make another deposit of $250,000 before I can make withdrawals which I did. Up till now, I’m still unable to make withdrawals and all attempt to contact broker has failed. This is very pathetic and I felt so bad losing my investment. I did a due diligence test before investing with them but guess what I ended up getting burned. This is to create awareness, not everybody can be as lucky as I was. I’m saying this because I was able to recover my funds. Thanks to a recovery specialist, they are private investigator and wealth recovery experts…Contact their support team for further assistance:
    HQRECOVERY22 at G M A I L dot C O M
    You Can Whatsapp or Text: + 1 3 2 3 3 8 8 5 7 1 5
    NO UPFRONT PAYMENT!
    303 Second St., Suite 900 South Tower,
    San Francisco, CA 94107
    Thank me later.

    ReplyDelete
  15. PERFECT HACKER FOR CRYPTO RECOVERY.
    When I lost my Bitcoin worth $230,000 to scammers, I did a lot of research on how I can recover my BTC back. I tried so many contacts I came across, Wizard James Recovery turned out to be the perfect hacker for the job. I invested with this crypto company thinking that I made the right choice with my money and funny enough the careful me took this action without looking back at the consequences and it turned out to be the worst decision ever made, entrusting some stranger with my investment. Luckily for me I was able to recover it all back with help of this great hacker. Email him today on: wizardjamesrecovery@ usa. com to recover your stolen funds.

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Russian Tanks 2022: Thicker and Blinder

  Since the all out invasion of Ukraine the Russian army has lost at least 1700 tanks. This has caused the Russian army some supply problems, when they are re-forming their mauled units. Fighting has also revealed the need for upgrades on most of the Russian tank designs. The most obvious issues with the existing Russian tank fleet are the insufficient armor protection, the lack of reverse mobility and the vulnerability of the automatic loaders and their ammunition carousels. Although the last one has gifted us the sport of Turret Throwing. T-72B obr 2022 tanks Very little can be done for the mobility with the limitations of the existing transmissions and the autoloaders can’t really be replaced with better designs or human loaders either. The armor part on the other hand can be improved during the activation and refurbishment of the deep stored Soviet-era tanks. The first new design that appeared in the battlefield was an upgraded T-72B3 with additional armo,r mimicking the T-90M layo

Russian Spring offensive 2023: Kyiv Take Two

Russian T-80U tanks stuck and abandoned in Ukraine in spring 2022   The spectacular Ukrainian victories during the 2022 forced the Russian army to the defensive. With the Russian retreat from Kharkiv and the areas north of the river Dnipro in Kherson, the focus of the fighting has returned to the Donbass. The Russian forces, with Wagner mercenaries and penal battalions doing the bulk of the fighting and dying, are trying to take Bakhmut in a battle that invokes parallels to the meat grinders of the Great war. The Ukrainian armed forces on the other hand are slowly making progress towards Kreminna. Despite the continuous rumors about a new massive round of mobilizations, the Russian army cannot sustain the present level of attrition indefinitely. By throwing enough men and material against the prepared Ukrainian positions manned by experienced and highly motivated defenders, Russians may be able to gain some localized breakthroughs. But even if the Russian mechanized forces are able to

Redut: Russian Mercenaries Controlled by a Finnish Citizen

  The recent conflicts where Russia has been directly or indirectly involved, like the invasion of Ukraine and the civil wars in Syria, Libya and Central African Republic have introduced the public to the Russian quasi-private military contractors. The most famous of these “private military contractors”  is undoubtedly the notorious Wagner-group that is presently waging an army corps level assault on the Ukrainian city of Bakhmut after engaging in various war crimes across Ukraine. The group leader Evgeniy Prigozhin has used his close connections to the Kremlin to expand his private army with convicted criminals. But the Wagner isn’t the only such formation operating under the Kremlin's umbrella. Several rumors have been floating around about the increased friction between the Russian military and Wagner. Elements within the Kremlin and the Russian general staff are trying to elevate another private security company called Redut, Russian for a redoubt, to balance the growing power