The Russian military
modernization program has two superstars that have been grabbing the
headlines, the T-50 Pak-Fa 5th generation fighter and the
T-14 Armata main battle tank. The Armata has been dubbed as a wonder
weapon that will make all other main battle tanks obsolete. The
published plan was to phase out all other tracked platforms and
gradually replace them with Armata variants. The T-14 Armata was
supposed to be produced in great numbers.
The delayed
development of the Armata platform has been evident, not only by it’s
failure in the Victory Day parade at the Red Square, but also by the
fact that the advanced T-72B3 variant has been produced in large
numbers and an additional upgrade package has been applied to it in
2016.
In addition to the T-72B3M, two other Russian main battle tank upgrade programs are currently underway and the overall number of the modernized tanks will rise to thousands. It is remarkable that the Russian armed forces are committing to four separate tank platforms. At the same time, Russian armed forces and the Russian defense industry have worked hard to streamline the production and the maintenance of the other armored platforms, such as the BMP, BMD and BTR-families. Despite these efforts Russia still operates a staggeringly vast array of different vehicles, modifications and versions.
The T-72B3M is the
first one of the modernized main battle tanks to enter service and
it’s already being used by several tank and motor rifle brigades.
Unlike the T-80BVM and T-90M, the T-72B3M is also being produced
from scratch.
The upgrade programs
improve all three corners of the classic
protection-mobility-firepower triangle. All tanks are getting new
reactive armor packages and active protection systems. The ERA
packages on the T-90M and the T-80BVM look particularly impressive.
![]() |
T-80BVM showing its cage-armor (photo: otvaga2004.ru) |
The three
modifications share the latest version of the Sosna-U gun-sight, the
new fire control automation and the new gun laying components. More
importantly all three modifications will give the tank commander an
independent panoramic sights with thermal imaging capability.
![]() |
T-80BVM (photo: otvaga2004.ru) |
The T-72B3M and the T-90M
will have modified versions of the basic 2A46M gun, while the T-80BVM
will retain its original 2A46-2 gun. All of the tanks will be
upgraded with the ability to shoot the new APDSFS rounds and the 9M119
Refleks anti tank missile. With the new digital communications and battlespace information systems and the similar optics, these tanks
will be relatively similar to operate for the gunner and the
commander.
The T-90M and the
T-72B3M will share the 1000-1100 hp V-92S2F diesel engines. The
T-80BVM will retain the signature gas-turbine engine, but they will
be upgraded to a 1300 hp variant.The fuel inefficiency and the
complex maintenance procedures remain as the drawbacks of the T-80 series.
![]() |
T-90M with the signature Russian log (photo: otvaga2004.ru) |
When these four
parallel tank programs are looked at from a strategic perspective few
alarming possibilities emerge. If the reason for the new
modernization programs are either the delays in the T-14 Armata
program on insufficient funds to purchase them in numbers, it hardly
makes sense to divide the RnD and procurement funds to four separate
programs.
Either the attrition
from the increased training regime recently imposed to the Russian
Ground Forces is proving to be too much for the older vehicles. The
much more disturbing possibility is that Russia is planing to expand
its military significantly or that it’s expecting massive attrition
from an unspecified near future operation that have to be replaced
rapidly.
On the other hand
this could be the usual corruption ploy to waste government money to
the completely unnecessary programs in order to allow the oligarchs
and the officials to skim most of the budget in to their own pockets.
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ReplyDelete"On the other hand this could be the usual corruption ploy to waste government money to the completely unnecessary programs in order to allow the oligarchs and the officials to skim most of the budget in to their own pockets" OR they could just be updating most of their tank fleet because Armata is coming really, really slow - just 70 by 2019- and there won't be many of them 'till at least, 2025. So it makes sense to update the fleet, wich is still much cheaper than buying new tanks at a time they face a percieved -real or not- increased threat from NATO.
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