Vantage Point North

The Chinese People's Liberation Army, that isn’t for the people and never liberates anyone, has a massive tank fleet that traces its lineage to the Soviet T-54 and T-72 tanks, but the recent iterations have taken a path of their own. The oldest Chinese tanks in widespread PLA service are the pure T-55A derivatives Type 69 and Type 79. While these tanks are actively being phased out from service, they may still be encountered in remote areas and as replacements in a high attrition scenario.These share the 5 pairs of road wheels with spacing between the pairs increasing towards the front of the vehicle and a small rounded turret, typical for the Soviet tank designs. Both also have a rectangular exhaust port on the left side of the vehicle. The largest external difference between the Type 69 and Type 79 is the cannon. The Type 69 uses the Soviet 100mm gun that has its bore evacuator positioned at the tip of its barrel, just like a T-55. The Type 79 on the other hand is equipped with a

  The latest Vantage Point North Episode is out.  This week the podcast will cover the rebuilding attempts of the Russian Arctic brigade, Defense plans of the Baltic states that have been criticized by the Estonian PM Kaja Kallas and the current situation in Ukraine. You can listen the podcast either from Anchor or your podcast platform of choice. Spotify Anchor Amazon Stitcher Google Podcast Apple podcast coming soon. Feel free to send feedback to the author on Twitter @pmakela1 .

The Vantage Point North is proud to present the next step: VPN podcast! The podcast will have two types of episodes. The first one that is already published is a weekly magazine of defense, military, weapons and conflicts related topics from a Nordic perspective narrated by Petri Mäkelä . There will also be less regular special episodes devoted to a single topic with a shorter version free to listen for everyone and a longer one for subscribers. The first special series will be about the Finnish defense concept, the Finnish military forces and the readiness of the nation to defend itself against external threats. The first weekly podcast is already out on most major platforms. It's topics are the Russian offensive in Donbass, new main battle tanks and the Finnish training during the NATO-membership application period. The podcast is available on Anchor:   As well as on following platforms: Spotify Stitcher Amazon Music Some people have also found it on Apple podcasts, but my apple-

  One of the most common hot takes from the Russian invasion of Ukraine has been the idea that the main battle tank, that has ruled the battlefield for a century, is no longer a viable system. Depending on the author one of the modern wonder weapons, be it anti-tank missiles like Javelin, NLAW, the Bayraktar TB-2 drone or the accurate drone spotted artillery and mortar fire have made the tank an obsolete behemoth that is unable to successfully operate in the modern battlefield. This conclusion is easy to come by when observing the Russian attacks on Kyiv, Sumy and Cherniv from the western media coverage. Especially the battle for Kyiv was indeed a triumph of the Ukrainian light infantry against mechanized Russian forces. But was this victory somehow revolutionary? The answer is straight forward, it was predictable to a degree that many analysts discounted the possibility of a Russian attack towards Kyiv from the north. The terrain through marches of Pripyat and the Chernobyl exclusio

Finnish soldier in the Cold Response 2022 exercise in Norway. Photo: Emil Biese FDF Combat Camera Team The Finnish Defense Forces have been almost unique in Europe as their primary objective has always been to stop and beat back a Russian peer level attack. Unlike most other countries this priority remained even after the collapse of the Soviet Union. After the 2014 Russian invasion of Ukraine, focus was placed on readiness and the ability to also counter smaller scale hybrid operations that can occur with very little warning. This has been achieved with the creation of readiness units that are manned by a mix of conscripts and professional soldiers.  The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine has been very different than the 2014 one, with the whole operation opening up as large scale peer level war with all of the tools available in the Russian arsenal used. While this is exactly the premise Finnish defense is based on, the fact of a peer level warfare in Europe has caused the need to bo

 The Russian two day invasion of Ukraine has now been going on for nearly a month and we can take some quick lessons about their equipment and performance. Much has been written about the failures of Russian operational planning, logistics, communications and leadership. These failures have led to staggering losses. Cope-cage on a well barbecued Russian tank The most distinctive piece of Russian equipment of this invasion has the been top-attack cage armor , aka. cope-cage aka. emotional support armor. The sometimes crudely made slat armor constructions started to appear on Russian tanks during the summer of 2021. While their purpose was initially a mystery, they were soon considered to be a desperate attempt to mitigate the effects of drone launched munitions like MAM-L and to even lesser extent top attack anti-tank missiles like Javelin and NLAW.  The vast amounts of knocked out Russian armor show that the cages are certainly not a surefire way to protect tanks from top attacks. We c